The DF-41's solid propellant uses a three-stage engine to reach ranges between 12,000-15,000km (7,456-9,320 miles) - capable of covering all of the US mainland - with speeds of up to Mach 25.

The DF-41’s road-mobile and solid-fueled design addresses vulnerabilities in China’s older nuclear arsenal, which relied heavily on silo-based, liquid-fueled missiles like the aforementioned DF-5.

The report estimated that by 2022, China had around 300 ICBMs, including the DF-31 and DF-41, with ongoing construction of three new solid-propellant silo fields.