Today’s semiconductor applications, ranging from advanced sensory applications, IoT, edge computing devices, high performance computing, to dedicated A.I. chips, are constantly pushing the boundaries ...

The first step can often be the most important in any design activity. It certainly is true when engineers work to integrate sensors into their product development process. Here, the first step is the ...

Expertise in CMC (chemistry, manufacturing, and control) ensures the appropriate manufacture of a pharmaceutical or biologic by coordinating material characterization, formulation development, and ...

Contract manufacturers have special expertise in the characterization and validation of biopharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Process development is a key factor in the development and ...

Viscosity, or a fluid’s resistance to flow, is independent of the rate of shear or shear stress, at a given temperature, for Newtonian fluids. Non-Newtonian fluids such as polymer solutions often ...

Waste characterization is the term used for the process of determining the chemical, biological, and physical characteristics, as well as the quantity, mass flow rates, strengths (in terms of ...