The Great Oxygenation Event marked a massive transition in life on Earth, when oxygen became plentiful and organisms suddenly had to adapt. Current conditions in Japanese hot springs give clues as to ...

Deep in some of Earth’s oldest rocks, traces of ancient life still linger, even when every cell has crumbled. You would not see shells, bones, or clear microfossils in these rocks. Instead, you would ...

Scientists at the Carnegie Institution for Science used a powerful combination of cutting-edge chemistry and artificial intelligence to peer through the geological fog of time in search of the very ...